Air gun



Oct. 5, 1943. w. R. BENJAMIN 2,331,163

AIR GUN .Filed June 12', 1942 structure "Figure 3 is UNITED PAT BNT*vviu rf'liili iam G en C ty, 11

This inventioiiirelates generally to improve ments in'air rifles 'andpistolg and has jor a principal object to provide" a novel constructioninwhich barrels having difierentbore'diameters may be employedselectiviely 'for' firi o t of 'Another object otrtheiiriventior 'isfto:iQYidei an ,air gun wherein the admission valve through which air "isforced under pressure into the pressure chamber is designed and Iarran'gedf 'for easy which the piston for the development pressureis noun'ted. v t A further object 91 the inventionfis to pr'o'vide an airgun having a fix edbarrel of large diameter andan. auxiliary barreloff's'ma llerfdiameter whiohis designed to, beintroduced' into the fixedor larger barrel. for fujse firing jsmall diarrieter shot,;w'ith novelmean'slformaiiitainirig the Iai'ixil-i iarybarrel. in inoperativeposition adjacent the removal and replacemenfthrough thefba'rreriri flxedfbarrelfor within the fixed barrel for u 'sie jas defsiredfv vide a.vdual"barre; air of thecharacter stated in; which meahs is, provided forpreventing m'au j shot from'igettinintothe airifelease valveaiiis'mjiiijthe reveritfl thatf such shot is in tentlyiritroduced intothe largerbarreif L .,still another .object" videlafnovel air vreleaseiva' Theinvention L consideration e followingwdetailed z deseripfirm:taken, infconneotiori with the accomparryingf sou another objeottoftrimmer is't'o pro- 6 pro drawin it ,bein understood however that the 1v invention is not tobe c orisidered as limited bythespeoificillustration o'rdscription but that such lustration and.description constitute a. preferred errrbodimentoi the invention. A J

"in the drawing:" r I Figure 1 is" a viewi'n top pianof the barreifaridforward end of thestock ofa rifle eonstru cted in accordance with thepresent invention.

Figure 2 is a view, in side elevation ofi thea shown irr Fig'tire 'i",parts being r ljroireri away." r. q: "a -longitudinal :sectiona l viewthrou h the gun barrelan'd pist'ori cylihdythe structure beingishorteried by-breaking outflthe centralportion, ar d showing the airpressure chamber and mechanism for the adih'issiorr v {thereto andrelease therefrom-oi air 'u'nder' res bevor 'd the constricted portionin the yen showri in Figure 2, wherebyfthe cylir'ideb arid thehereinafter; described barrel and opher partsear:

' gFigii'reu, -isaseotiona1 viewgtalrehsubstantially. on'the lineofjFigure ,3; L:

'Fig'rire 5 is'a longitudinalsectionTcorresponding: with'Figureabutshowing'th'e auxiliarygoriremov-r' ablesmallersbarreiin thelargeribarrelifo the firing of small'diametershot; v

Figurerfilis a. detail view ofthe ir ne'riehdiof the; i a auxiliaryb'arre'l'showingitsiconstru nir asr' a valve reniovingtool;v

Referring now more partioularl y to he; draw ing; theenumeral' {0generally designates the'stoelc ha'h'dgrip 'portion of the stock isintiir'iated at H,

,while theforwardend thereofis" ,indicated by the" provided upon itstop' edge witha suitable groove a OrYJchaJnneI -IS inwhichreststhereari-or breechi 1 Q endof a cylinder l4; whi ch Carriesatappedi stud f; l5 which, extends into a suitable feeess i :itheforward end I! of #the {gun 'stock to 'reeeive th securing screw lfiwhich isexter dedfthroujg 1; forward end of-the= stock"fromthe underedge ried thereby, are main'tained in prbper osrtionj upon thestockgWhiletheirivention is"illustrated and'deseribed I v as applied to ariflefit will e: reaa uy-iapp refit tq those versed in the"art-fthat'theinviftio readily used in a gun constructed as it is therefore, to beunderstood a m e rfirg broadly to agun in the s'peoifieatioriaridjclaiin's a. j r Q s !we eratei tmem w ui lT;ffthe-rearend r wmch-isl si g .ihqi i at 3; while-just forwardly pijthegrearehd heinteribiffdiameter of the barrel is 'reduce strieteti, as mediated ategend a described "andielaimed; in" niy;p v zn-l'w so M 1 3afi r i illts dfas i r he ma na i j in iheva 'e Q 'i hj le dvri to s b l b ssmiammew or :trict n ly ewe r fi le a ew end' q t dotthe b r which:functions to, prevent smaller sh pas Slidh shot isinadvertentlydrqpped.irito he {Between thefco'ristrieted,pbrtioigoi h orbetween the pin the barrel is provided with an air admission opening 22which coincides with an opening 23 formed through the wall of thecylinder 14. Upon the inner side of the cylinder concentric with theopening 23 is fixed the short tube 24 which extends radially inwardly ashort distance, preferably less than half the inside radius of thecylinder, and this tube forms a part of the compressed air release valveunit hereinafter more completely described I a The rearnrbreech "end ofthe cylinder 14 is closed by a plug 25, preferably of rubber, backed upby a plate or disk 26 which is secured in posi:

tion by the retaining ring 21 which in turn is held in place by thescrew 28 which is passed through the wall of the cylinder.

This plug or closure wall is disposed re'ar wardly of the tube 24 andfixed-in the cylinder 1 outward movements of the piston are limited soI4 upon the forward side of the tube 24. is the partitioning disk 29which is provided with a central' threaded opening in which isthreadably. secured an end of the sleeve or jacket'portion 30 of a valveunit which is indicated as a whole bythe numeral3l. This sleev '3ll hasremovablyase= cured therein the valveinside 32 which is of the sameconstruction asthe vvelleknown Schroeder valve used in the inner: tubesfor motor vehicle tires; uNo: detailed illustration of this valve'isgiven or believed to be necessary in view of'its well=knownconstruction, It will be noted, however, that the valve. unit is mountedin the Dam tio'n.29 so that; the inside piece 32 may lie-read lywithdrawn'by the introduction ofa suitable im: plement through themuzzleend of the cylinder 14. Thus, the, valve piece can be moved for.-cleaning or replacement, when necessary.

Fixed to the sleeve 38 of the valve unit Qiis a resilientarm 33 whichextends longitudinally of the chamber 34, which formed between the pan,titi n land the plug 25 and termina es in ho unturned finger, 35 ;wnichis ,dir tedtoward. he i ner end of the tube 24 upon t e axial centerthero fi Upon thisuotnrned'fin er-io orthe iesilient a my-i3 s bal n eda disk. body so whioh asa. cove i upons. topviace. ofrubber or: othersuitable mater l. ndi ated by th numera 3 This disk and covering formthe moyabieele me it, o .v the ompresse an out et exha va ve QiWI lIlJArlQ who 2 io ns a fixe Bart, and th -1 m ns form presses the sili ntoover eeil a a n lover ndoithe ube so ast lefioe yolrolosethe l t n or Iv, deli-tho r a ne f; tl e eentol l1 and thx o htne. w o 23 a ri ger itwhich rests at its inner end upon the movable le-, mento th o ho lstvo vand, t i sol io a new, a s bs an l dis nce b r odstllo ton of. the gunbarrel L1, This trigger pinis freely nonvable through the barrel so;that when it is, pressed i w l i wil i t t ove o il o itlio exhaustvalve against the tension or thespring arid thus open th inner end 0tthertub e 24.7 The forward end of the handgrip portion oi the stock isprovided with aslotextending from the b tom e and th o h he up er edg al atdat 3.8,. t r ugh h e ds a t igger: am. 40 t e owe e d'of whi p iotsloe ond the lower edge of the stock and is'covereq by the guard 4 I,while the upper, end is suitablyisliaped o x d. upw d ooio sf i o r or,r oohend of the cylinder, M w e e i i o ne oon ar selar v xtend n fin erwhic s, o ot lly at:

ool e as at, nto he top oit eicylinderl nd x end io w rd or and, eng ethe, 4912 here illustrated as being maintained in position upon theupper end of the trigger pin 38 by gravity, but it will be readilyapparent that, if found desirable, a light spring may be suitablyemployed for maintaining the trigger lightly in contact with the triggerpin.

The numeral 44 designates a piston which is introduced into the forwardend of the cylinder [4 and which carries upon it inner end the cup orack ng 45 wh is- -ma ntalne in Place y washe 5 "Pr fer y oi lea h r. lanthe screw 41 which extends into the end of the piston which may be madeof wood or any other suitable material.

The piston 44 is provided with the longitudinal slots 48 through-whichextends a movement limiting pin 49- which is secured across the muzzleend of'the :cyllnder [4. Thus, the inward and that it cannot bewithdrawn entirely from the yl nder nd on the ther hand i ca not be foood inwardly to e tent QQzP l a ai st the partition 28:. v r v i The 5"oosigne oson,auxiliary b r l whioli'hes. a ve ll oi, fili 1 .m1" s hanthe interior diameter of the fixed barrel I] othat, he ux iary bar el,may beoxtended into the mod ba el a d have, sn g engagem lt t er in auxary barrel i designedtosho t a pell t l f ater al y smal o qdiometerlthan, th pellet or o 2: an as s hown in Figure 5, the i ner nd o llo'alxl ie v arre isnstiio ed, as. man cated at 52, so that when theauxiliary barrelis position in the main or fixed; when nd t p ll orshot. it i dropped in o the auxiliary bar re it wi l ter tli oo sil-"lotdoortion 2 a d be se ured ainst aooidentalfldis har e. r j l U on ne.side'oi t e main-or fixed barrel I1, here r ecured the guides. it'whicnare al gned longitudinally o he ba tlzol'and. wh ohr'are des ned to havethe auxi ary barrel. ext nded therethrough so as to support this barrelin posit ion r ad for use. durin uohtime as he ma or fix d barre i bensu'soq-U i orde o ma n ain he I. uxiliarvg enel 5c pos t on in i s supprt ng guides. th towar nd. 1 t e aux l a y ba el has s oure hereto aring or ey andlfll s'ov qls engaged. by one. ked. 2. 45 o a sprinelt tthe oth r end of w ch sp ing isiilxe tqthe oyl ndor as indil ed at 5T-spline-e tunot on o. a n h aux a yboz e j i P s tion in the main barrelwhen e auxil ary ha rel s. so Placed for 1188- h s, itfl ll b een. thathe sprlns' 5 o m t e, wor ld nctio o securing ouxlliary barrel se iismoide to lisnl oemoo from the carrier guides}; and for securing it againscc en al displacemen or discharge, r e m i arre trwh ln. it is bei g.used i Shooting mali ot, or Pel e s; The eye or ring @359 lfil llimdfille. i l-.QQUOR of limiting the movement of the auxiliary bar r nth fix borrolit as shown E s- I11 theme of the, sedan nte 'sil le; built,up;

in h m e by epeated t oiprocation'o'r the pisto gt nthe cy indentne arbo ne, Ioxced through the valve unit 3| into the chamber; Wh n t e de rprossuroha b n builtu iand a n lo or s ot ha hoongdroonod nto the e eotdj r e s; how either in Eieum or in Figure 't moybe or ip v dis bareedi: pul s s, hook on he r g r QttberebY'unsesfinetha al e emen 5 from;he. endo; he tube- 34..

end of the trigger pin 3Q; triggernngepis 1;; This permits the'air'under pressure to rush into,

' for engaging said eye.

the breech end of the barrel and forcibly dislodge the bullet from theconstricted end of the barrel in which it is lodged so that it will bedischarged from the breech end with great force.

If desired, a number of pellets may be introduced into either of thebarrels or a large pellet may be introduced into the barrel I! followedby a number of smaller pellets, thereby converting the rifle into ashotgun. j

As previously stated, by providing the pin 2| across the rear end of thelarger barrel I! the accidental introduction of small pellets into thetube 24 of the air discharge valve is prevented.

While the, element 36 of the air discharge valve has been shown ashaving a depression in its un-' der side into which the spring finger 35engages, this construction may be reversed if found desirable byproviding the valve element 36 with a pin and the spring arm 33.with anaperture in which the pin may engage. In either case, the valve element36 would be supported relatively loosely so that it may readily adjustitself to the angle of the lower or inner and edge of the tube 34 andthus establish an air-tight contact therewith.

The inner or auxiliary barrel-50 may be suitably formed so that it maybe used, when required, for the removal or replacement of the valve unit32. To this end the breech end of the auxiliary 1 barrel is providedwith the transverse slot 58 in which may be engaged the bar-like forwardend portion 59 of the valve unit 32 so that the necessary rotarymovement may be given the unit to effect its removal or placementin thesleeve portion 30. It will be understood, of course, as previouslystated, that to carry out this operation the piston retaining pin 49 isremoved and the piston Withdrawn from the cylinder 4|, after which theauxiliary barrel may be conveniently introduced into the cylinder.

I claim: 7

1. In an air gun, a shot receiving barrel, means for introducing airunder pressure into the breech end of the barrel, an auxiliary shotreceiving barrel designed to be introduced into the first barrel, meansat one side of the first barrelfor receiving the auxiliary barrel tosupport the same when not in use, and means'for operatively coupling themuzzle end of the auxiliary barrel with the first-mentioned barrel whenthe auxiliary barrel is in either the supporting means or in thefirst-mentioned barrel to maintain the auxiliary barrel againstaccidental displacement. V

2. A gun structure as set forth in claim 1, in which said means forsecuring the auxiliary barrel comprises a spring. operatively coupled atonev end with the first-mentioned barrel, an eye car-.

ried by the auxiliary barrel adjacent the muzzle end, and a hook at theother end of the spring 3. In an air gun, a body forming a holding meansfor the gun, a cylinder supported upon the body and closed atthe breechend, a barrel disposed upon the top of and longitudinally of thecylinder, a partition meanswithin the cylinder in spaced relation withthe closed end there ber and having a wrench bar across the end remotefrom the chamber, an outlet valve controlled passage leading from thechamber into the breech end of the barrel, trigger means for effectingthe opening of the outlet valve, a piston reciprocably mounted in theforward part of the cylinder for forcing air through the inlet valveinto the air chamber, and an auxiliary barrel adapted to be insertedinto the first barrel, said auxiliary barrel having one end slotted forengagement with the bar portion, of said valve unit to'facilitate theremoval of said unit through the forward end of the piston cylinder.

4. An air gun comprising a handgrip portion, a cylinder supported on andsecured to said portion, said cylinder being closed atthe breech end, apartitioning means within the cylinder in spaced relation with thebreech end and forming therewith a compressed air chamber, an air inletvalve in said partitioning means opening" into the chamber, a pistonreciprocable in the forward end .of the cylinderfor introducing air 7through said valve into the chamber, a gun bar-- rel supported upon thetop of and extending longitudinally of the cylinder, an air transferpassage leading from said chamber into the gun barrel at the breech endof the latter, the breech end of the gun barrel being closed and the gunbarrel being interiorly constricted adjacent-the breech end andforwardly of the air inlet means,

valve means for controlling the escape of air from the chamber into thegun barrel, trigger mechanism for effecting the opening of said'valvemeans; an auxiliary gun barrel adapted to be inserted into the first gunbarrel from the muz zle end thereof, means adjacent'the first gun barrelfor receiving andsupporting the auxiliary barrel, and means fordetachably coupling the muzzle end of the auxiliary barrel with thefixedbarrel to hold the auxiliary barrel in either the supporting meanstherefor or in the fixed barrel.

5. An air gun comprising a handgrip portion, a cylinder supported on andsecured to said por-' ing from-said chamber into the gun barrel at thebreech end of the latter, the breech end of the gun barrel being closedand the gun barrel being .interiorly constricted adjacent the breech endand forwardly of the air inlet means, valve means for controlling theescape of air from the chamber into the gun barrel, trigger mechanismfor effecting the opening of said valve means, an

auxiliary gun barrel adapted to be inserted into the first gun barrelfrom the muzzle end thereof, a contractile spring secured at one end tothe of providing a compressed air chamber, an inlet ,cylinder, an eyecarried by the auxiliary barrel adjacent the muzzle end thereof,and'means for auxiliary barrel either in the supporting means or in thefixed barrel. I

WALTER R. BENJAMIN.

